Anti-Stokes cooling in highly ytterbium doped phase separated aluminium-yttrium oxide glass by 4 K

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2023.114374

Anti-Stokes cooling in highly ytterbium doped phase separated aluminium-yttrium oxide glass by 4 K

2023-10-01

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DOI：10.1016/j.optmat.2023.114374

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Silica glass is a strong candidate in the development of radiation balanced fiber lasers and amplifiers due to its properties such as high stability, high mechanical robustness and chemical durability, thermal resistance, high purity and so on. However, low rare-earth ion solubility lead to inter-ionic energy transfers processes which cause multi-phonon relaxation through a non-radiative decay process and hinder it from being used for afore-mentioned applications as well as for optical cooling. In the present work, we report cooling to a record low temperature of -4 K from room temperature at atmospheric pressure in a novel silica based highly Yb doped phase separated oxide glass (named as PS: GAYY glass - aluminium: yttrium: ytterbium) using 20 W of 1037 nm pump wavelength. We further theoretically show a global minimum achievable temperature of similar to 165 K in our glass. Here, the basic limitation for laser induced cooling in silica glass associated with the existence of clustering of rare earth ions is significantly mitigated. This was achieved by the addition of suitable co-dopants such as aluminum and yttrium which modified the local rare-earth ion environment to avoid clustering as well as reducing the phonon energy. The fabricated glass using modified chemical vapor deposition process in combination with a solution doping technique achieved a maximum doping concentration of 5.57 x 10(26) ions/m(3) and exhibits better performance than other silica-based host glasses in terms of both optical properties and laser cooling characteristics. We believe PS-GAYY glasses may open new avenues in the field of solid-state laser cooling, promising exciting and broad applications in radiation balanced lasers and amplifiers.

Keywords:

Laser cooling

Ytterbium doped silica glass

Modified chemical vapor deposition process

Fiber Bragg gratings

Anti-Stokes cooling in highly ytterbium doped phase separated aluminium-yttrium oxide glass by 4 K

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