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Artificial intelligence, global value chains, and biased technological progress
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DOI：10.1016/j.iref.2026.105826.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The transformation of global value chains driven by artificial intelligence has exerted a profound impact on all countries. We construct a task-based trade model to analyze the impact of AI on firms' global value chain positions and its technological progress bias effect. Based on the panel data of Chinese A-share listed firms from 2007 to 2021, we further empirically examine how AI affects firms' technological progress bias through global value chain activities. The results show that firms' AI application has a dual effect on technological progress bias. On the one hand, AI application directly promotes labor-biased technological progress. On the other hand, AI drives firms to embed in downstream of global value chains, which further catalyzes labor-biased technological progress. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the above effects are mainly observed in private enterprises and firms applied AI hardware platform technologies. Further research indicates that labor-biased technological progress driven by the global value chain channel significantly increases firms' labor income share and narrows the internal salary gap of firms, yet exerts an adverse impact on profitability. This paper provides a new perspective for understanding the complex mechanism of the interweaving of technological change and globalization in the AI era, and offers an important reference for formulating policies to rectify the bias of technological progress.
Keywords:
Artificial intelligence
Global value chains
Biased technological progress
Elasticity of factor substitution
F16
F43
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I
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5.6
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942
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0
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