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Associations of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI With Frontostriatal Connectivity in Young Children
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DOI：10.1111/ijpo.70101.png)
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Abstract
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Background Maternal obesity during pregnancy has previously been associated with increased body weight and altered brain structure and function in offspring. However, few studies have included young children or specifically examined effects on functional connectivity of frontostriatal networks undergirding functions implicated in appetite and body weight, such as reward processing and inhibitory control.Methods We analysed resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rsfMRI) data for 83 children (ages 2-11 years) from the RESONANCE cohort who were born to mothers ranging in BMI as assessed pre-pregnancy (BMI: mean +/- SD = 26.8 +/- 7.8, range = 18.3-50.1). We examined associations between maternal BMI and child functional connectivity of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) with three regions in the frontal cortex.Results Analyses controlling for maternal education and for child sex, age and current BMIz demonstrated that higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with stronger positive connectivity of NAcc with rostral prefrontal cortex and frontal pole. Stratified sensitivity analyses demonstrated that child effects were driven by weight variation among mothers with higher weights rather than representing an effect of lower maternal weight.Conclusion Our analysis found that increased BMI during pregnancy was associated with stronger positive frontostriatal connectivity in young children. Prospective studies incorporating gold-standard measures of maternal and child adiposity and metabolic health as well as behavioural and cognitive measures are needed to understand implications and inform future interventions.
Keywords:
eating behaviour
executive function
frontostriatal networks
maternal obesity
neurodevelopment
overweight
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