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Asynchronous multi-photon interference for quantum networks

delete2026-07-30
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OA
AI
B
Baghdasar Baghdasaryan *
K
Karen Lozano-Méndez
M
Markus Leipe
M
Meritxell Cabrejo-Ponce
S
Sabine Häussler
K
Kaushik Joarder
T
Tim Gühring
S
Stephan Fritzsche
T
Thorsten A. Goebel
R
Ria G. Krämer
S
Stefan Nolte
C
Carlos Andres Melo Luna
Y
Yoshiaki Tsujimoto
F
Fabian Steinlechner *
DOI:10.1038/s41534-026-01333-9delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Abstract: Advanced quantum communication protocols require high-visibility quantum interference between photons generated at distant nodes, which places stringent demands on optical synchronization. Conventionally, synchronization of optical wave packets relies on pulsed sources and precise optical path stabilization. An alternative approach employs continuous-wave (CW) photon-pair sources, where temporal indistinguishability of photons is enforced by post-selecting detection events within a coincidence window τw shorter than the photon coherence time Tc. Despite its conceptual simplicity, the quantitative relation between relevant time scales, achievable interference visibility, and usable multi-photon rates has remained unclear. Here, we develop in detail and experimentally validate a theoretical framework that quantitatively describes time-resolved multi-photon interference in the CW regime. We explicitly incorporate detector timing jitter, photon coherence time, and temporal post-selection. The model is verified using four-photon Hong-Ou-Mandel interference measurements. Based on this validated framework, we determine the coincidence window that maximizes usable four-photon rates for a target interference visibility. Finally, we compare CW and pulsed spontaneous parametric down-conversion sources under equivalent indistinguishability constraints and show that CW operation can achieve comparable rates while relaxing optical synchronization requirements.

Journal

npj Quantum Information cover
npj Quantum Information
IF:
8.3
Papers:
1.4K
Citations:
8.1K

Organization

A
Abbe Center of Photonics
Scholars:
33
Papers: 7
Citations: 0
F
friedrich schiller university jena
Scholars:
645
Papers: 236
Citations: 0
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Cited Papers

Cited Papers

Experimental Synchronization of Independent Entangled Photon Sources
err2006-03-20
err0
errOAAI
errTao Yang; Qiang Zhang; Teng-Yun Chen; Shan Lu; Juan Yin; Jian-Wei Pan; Zhi-Yi Wei; Jing-Rong Tian; Jie Zhang
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Experimental Entanglement Swapping: Entangling Photons That Never Interacted
err1998-05-04
err0
PREAI
errJian-Wei Pan; Dik Bouwmeester; Harald Weinfurter; Anton Zeilinger
errShare
errSave
Progress in satellite quantum key distribution
err2017-08-09
err274
errOAAI
errBedington, Robert; Arrazola, Juan Miguel; Ling, Alexander
errShare
errSave
Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with leaky sources
err2021-01-18
err29
errOAAI
errWang, Weilong; Tamaki, Kiyoshi; Curty, Marcos
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Satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution
err2017-08-09
err0
PREAI
errSheng-Kai Liao; Wen-Qi Cai; Wei-Yue Liu; Liang Zhang; Yang Li; Ji-Gang Ren; Juan Yin; Qi Shen; Yuan Cao; Zheng-Ping Li; Feng-Zhi Li; Xia-Wei Chen; Li-Hua Sun; Jian-Jun Jia; Jin-Cai Wu; Xiao-Jun Jiang; Jian-Feng Wang; Yong-Mei Huang; Qiang Wang; Yi-Lin Zhou; Lei Deng; Tao Xi; Lu Ma; Tai Hu; Qiang Zhang; Yu-Ao Chen; Nai-Le Liu; Xiang-Bin Wang; Zhen-Cai Zhu; Chao-Yang Lu; Rong Shu; Cheng-Zhi Peng; Jian-Yu Wang; Jian-Wei Pan
errShare
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Clock Synchronization with Correlated Photons
err2023-05-25
err22
errOAAI
errSpiess, Christopher; Toepfer, Sebastian; Sharma, Sakshi; Krzic, Andrej; Cabrejo-Ponce, Meritxell; Chandrashekara, Uday; Doell, Nico Lennart; Rielaender, Daniel; Steinlechner, Fabian
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Multistage Entanglement Swapping
err2008-08-21
err0
errOAAI
errAlexander M. Goebel; Claudia Wagenknecht; Qiang Zhang; Yu-Ao Chen; Kai Chen; Jörg Schmiedmayer; Jian-Wei Pan
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Two-Photon Coincident-Frequency Entanglement via Extended Phase Matching
err2005-03-01
err0
errOAAI
errOnur Kuzucu; Marco Fiorentino; Marius A. Albota; Franco N. C. Wong; Franz X. Kärtner
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Photon pair-state preparation with tailored spectral properties by spontaneous four-wave mixing in photonic-crystal fiber
err2007-01-01
err193
errOAAI
errGaray-Palmett, K.; McGuinness, H. J.; Cohen, Offir; Lundeen, J. S.; Rangel-Rojo, R.; U'Ren, A. B.; Raymer, M. G.; McKinstrie, C. J.; Radic, S.; Walmsley, I. A.
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