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Atg5-mediated autophagy modulation shapes the outcome of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus infection in silkworms
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DOI：10.1016/j.jip.2026.108567.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Autophagy is a critical cellular process that regulates host-virus interactions, yet its functional dynamics in silkworms during infection with Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) are not fully understood. This study explored the key role of the autophagy-related gene Atg5 in silkworms during BmNPV infection. The temporal expression pattern of Atg5 showed a significant increase during the early infection stage (12-24 h) and a significant decrease at later stages (48-72 h) in both BmN cells and larval tissues. RNAi-mediated silencing of Atg5 significantly reduced VP39 expression, accompanied by decreased mitochondrial damage and improved host survival. In contrast, overexpression of Atg5 significantly increased VP39 expression and viral DNA loads in BmN cells, confirming its positive regulatory effect on viral replication. Furthermore, a successfully constructed recombinant baculovirus with stable Atg5 expression caused significantly higher VP39 expression and viral DNA accumulation in the silkworms following infection compared to the control. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the pro-viral role of Atg5 during BmNPV infection by promoting autophagy-mediated viral replication. This study enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind autophagy-virus interactions in B. mori and provides a potential target for developing antiviral strategies in sericulture.
Keywords:
Autophagy
Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus
Mitochondrial damage
Survival
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