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Atmospheric pressure plasma-activated water for fast germination and further growth of red gram (Cajanus Cajan) seeds
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DOI：10.1142/S1793604725510804.png)
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Abstract
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This research deals with the preparation of plasma-activated water (PAW) by exposing the atmospheric pressure operating soft jet plasma (APPJ) for the application of treating plant seeds, such as red gram (cajanus cajan, RG). The chemically active species present in the PAW could potentially impart active ingredients for the fast seed germination and further growth. The seeds were initially surface treated by APPJ and the formation of layer-type surface protrusions was observed with varying degrees, depending on the plasma treatment duration. The plasma-treated surfaces showed a change in the water contact angle with an enhancement of hydrophilicity. The germination of RG was found to depend on the PAW preparation time and the feed gas used. The PAW prepared for 60 min using air as a feed gas showed an increase in the average sprout length as compared to 30 min or 90 min PAW samples. Further increment was achieved by utilizing Ar as a feed gas, and observed 100% germination mainly due to the primary and secondary reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONSs). Plasma diagnostics is also carried out to understand our obtained results. The results would be very useful for the future plasma agriculture technology.
Keywords:
Plasma-activated water
atmospheric pressure operating soft jet plasma
seed germination
red gram
plasma agriculture technology
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