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Battery-Aware Sleep Scheduling: A Reinforcement Learning Framework for Sustainable RAN Operations

delete2026-07-07
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PRE
AI
W
Wei Shi
H
Hossein Shokri‐Ghadikolaei
G
Gábor Fodor
L
Lackis Eleftheriadis
M
Mikael Skoglund
DOI:10.1109/tgcn.2026.3709242delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
While base station (BS) sleeping has long been recognized as an effective energy-saving approach, its real-world adoption remains very limited due to concerns over service quality degradation. In this paper, we address this challenge by integrating on-site BS batteries into the sleep scheduling process. Specifically, our reinforcement learning (RL)-based framework intelligently synchronizes battery usage with dynamic electricity prices and traffic fluctuations, enabling deeper sleep opportunities without compromising critical key performance indicators (KPIs). We further propose a complementary charging strategy that leverages lower-cost energy periods, thereby reducing operational expenses. Through extensive simulations using real-world traffic traces, we show that our solution leads to notable cost savings while incurring only negligible increases in service delay. Our results highlight the substantial promise of battery-powered BSs in bridging the gap between energy efficiency and service quality for sustainable and cost-effective mobile networks.
Keywords:
5G
RAN
energy performance
battery-powered BS
BS sleeping
RL

Journal

I
IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking
IF:
6.7
Papers:
1.3K
Citations:
4.3K

Organization

S
stockholm university
Scholars:
1.6K
Papers: 889
Citations: 0
K
kth royal institute of technology
Scholars:
664
Papers: 369
Citations: 0
E
ericsson research
Scholars:
30
Papers: 11
Citations: 0
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