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Bi-level low-carbon optimization of integrated electricity–gas–heat networks with EV-based power-to-gas systems
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DOI：10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102177.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
• Proposes a bi-level multi-objective framework for coordinated electricity–gas–heat network operation. • Integrates EV parking lots with power-to-gas systems for bidirectional multi-energy exchange. • Minimizes operational cost and carbon emissions while maximizing EVPL operator profit. • Employs robust optimization and MILP reformulation using KKT and linearization techniques. • Demonstrates enhanced economic efficiency, operational flexibility, and environmental performance.
Keywords:
Energy carriers
Power-to-gas
Electric vehicle parking lot
CHP unit
Carbon emission
Journal
E
IF:
7.6
Papers:
1.1K
Citations:
4.5K
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