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Blaze: Compiling JSON Schema for 10× Faster Validation

delete2025-10-01
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PRE
AI
J
Juan Cruz Viotti *
M
Michael J. Mior
DOI:10.14778/3773749.3773764delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
JSON Schemas provide useful guardrails for developers of Web APIs to guarantee that the semi-structured JSON input provided clients matches a predefined structure. This is important both ensure the correctness of the data received as input and also to avoid potential security issues from processing input that is not correctly validated. However, this validation process can be time-consuming and adds overhead to every request. Different keywords in JSON Schema specification have complex interactions that increase validation time. Since popular APIs may process thousands of requests per second and schemas change infrequently, we observe that we can resolve some of the complexity ahead of time in order to achieve faster validation. Our JSON Schema validator, Blaze, compiles complex schemas an efficient representation in seconds to minutes, adding minimal overhead at build time. Blaze incorporates several unique optimizations to reduce the validation time by an average of approximately 10 & times; compared existing validators on a variety of datasets. In some cases, Blaze achieves a reduction in validation time of multiple orders of magnitude compared to the next fastest validator. also demonstrate that several popular validators produce incorrect results in some cases, while Blaze maintains strict adherence to JSON Schema specification.
Keywords:
JSON Schema
validation
optimization
compilation
performance

Journal

P
Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
IF:
3.3
Papers:
556
Citations:
1.2W

Organization

R
Rochester Institute of Technology
Scholars:
3.7K
Papers: 3.3K
Citations: 45