Broadband Two-Port Rectangular Patch Radiating Element Based on Self-Complementary Structure

Yordanis Alonso-Roque

doi:10.3390/electronics15071515

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Broadband Two-Port Rectangular Patch Radiating Element Based on Self-Complementary Structure

2026-04-07

Yordanis Alonso-Roque

Francisco Marante Rizo

Pablo Otero *

Alfonso Ariza Quintana *

DOI：10.3390/electronics15071515

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Abstract

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In this article, a new approach to the applicability of the self-complementarity concept in a classical two-port microstrip patch antenna element is presented. This was accomplished through an illustrative design and an electromagnetic analysis of a broadband two-port rectangular printed radiating element in transmission configuration. A calculated ultra-wide matching bandwidth up to approximately 11 GHz was achieved (BWsim-RL≥10 dB ≈ 11 GHz, fo = 5.5 GHz, i.e., BWsim-relative-matching ≈ 200%). One of the advantages of this topology is that only two degrees of freedom are needed to acquire a very wide impe-dance bandwidth: the length and the width of the slot. Full-wave analysis shows that sui-table combinations of the patch and slot dimensions allow to obtain the broadband mat-ching behavior. It has broadside radiation toward both hemispheres, which is conserved and considerably stable over a wide frequency range. Its linear polarization, radiation patterns, gain values, and radiation efficiency are adequate from 1 to 8 GHz (BWsim-radiation ≈ 7 GHz, fo [sim-rad] = 4.5 GHz, i.e., 63.6% of its BWsim-matching, and 156% of its fo [sim-rad]). Moreover, the gain and radiation efficiency exhibit very good flatness across wide frequency ranges. Measurements of S-parameters and radiation patterns validate the calculated results. The proposed antenna element is simple, compact, and light-weight. It has a very wide ope-ration bandwidth (7 GHz), its design is easy and flexible, and it is simple to manufacture. It could be used as a radiating element in different linear polarized antenna arrays.

Keywords:

broad impedance bandwidth

broadband matching

wideband

ultra-wideband (UWB)

microstrip antenna

rectangular patch

radiating element

self-complementary structure

two-port device

transmission configuration

antenna arrays

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