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Bubble distribution and mass transfer by experiments and flow field characteristics by CFD simulation in a self-rotating hydraulic stirring tank driven with multi-nozzle jets
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PRE
AI
D
X
张
Y
J
Z
DOI：10.1016/j.cjche.2026.03.018.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Gas–liquid mixing and mass transfer in jet-driven tanks are crucial for multiphase systems. However, the understanding of these devices remains limited. Herein, a novel self-rotating hydraulic agitator with a semi-circular, multi-nozzle, and multi-layer jet design was integrated into a tank. High-speed imaging and dynamic gassing-in were used to characterize the bubbles and measure the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa). The hydraulic stirring tank generated self-rotating vortices and strong shear forces, promoting bubble break-up compared to a mechanical stirring tank, reducing the Sauter mean diameter (d32) by 25%–40%, increasing the deformation rate ( ) by 7%–8%, and enhancing kLa by 20%–45%. Higher gas and liquid rates intensified the flow disturbances and gas–liquid contact. Appropriate baffles suppress circulation and vortex cores while enhancing local turbulence. The counter-directional configuration of the hydraulic agitator and gas distributor enhanced radial flow and shear interactions, generating smaller, more spherical bubbles that decreased d32 by 4%–8%, increased the by 4%–5.5%, and improved kLa by 3%–11%. The effect of pulsed intake mode on gas–liquid mass transfer was investigated, and no observable enhancement was observed under the tested conditions. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to investigate the flow field and turbulence interaction. These findings reveal that the mechanisms enhancing tank performance include self-rotating vortices, high-velocity shear, multi-zone flow coupling, and gas–liquid interactions, thereby providing valuable insights for optimizing both the tank structure and agitator design of fluid-jet-driven apparatuses.
Keywords:
bubble distribution
mass transfer
hydraulic stirring tank
multi-nozzle jets
CFD simulation
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