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Buckling of fully-connected lattices with load-induced boundary rotation imperfections
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DOI：10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2026.113961.png)
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Abstract
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Slender load-bearing elements in fully connected, joint-free lattices (mechanical metamaterials) develop load-induced rotational imperfections when deformation of adjacent members imposes evolving end rotations on otherwise straight columns. We distinguish these effects from pre-existing geometric imperfections and derive a closed-form nonlinear load-deflection solution for columns with prescribed boundary rotations, complemented by a semi-analytical approach incorporating column shortening. Nonlinear finite-element analyses validate the analytical predictions. Across five representative settings (force-, moment-, and distributed-load systems, architected interfaces, and interaction with pre-existing imperfections), we show that load-induced rotations can significantly reduce load-bearing capability. In a point-loaded two-column system, for instance, the critical force can decrease to 22% of the critical force of the equivalent pinned connected column. The results indicate that joint-free lattices with compliant surroundings may exhibit notable reductions in critical forces due to enforced boundary rotations and deformations of the connecting elements. The framework offers a practical basis for stability assessment of metamaterials and other fully connected structures, where boundary effects depend on the loading rather than being static initial imperfections.
Keywords:
Mechanical metamaterials
Lattice structures
Column buckling
Rotation imperfection
Kinematic constraint
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