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Building a structural MICADO reinforced concrete unit- A contribution
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DOI：10.1016/j.aej.2026.07.001.png)
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Abstract
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Modular construction streamlines building processes by standardising elements or entire systems, enhancing efficiency and flexibility. Modular reinforced concrete solutions continue to pose challenges. This study addresses this gap by evaluating the real-scale performance of the MICADO-reinforced concrete system, which integrates frame-supported modular units with prefabricated panels installed simultaneously. Full-scale laboratory tests identified key challenges within the system, including compaction difficulties, inadequate concrete cover, and reinforcement congestion in splice and crimping zones. Despite these limitations, results confirm that PVC pipes can effectively function as permanent formwork for concrete columns, demonstrating the system's viability with necessary design optimizations. This study highlights the need for modifications in column cross-section dimensions and reinforcement layouts to improve constructability and compliance with standards. Future research should further explore the system's performance under varying loading conditions and column spacing to optimise its application in modular construction.
Keywords:
Modular construction
Construction systems
MICADO system
Reinforced concrete
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