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Carbonate vacancy-engineered K/K2CO3 solid superbases achieve exceptional selectivity via enhanced metal-support interactions in sustainable isobutene dimerization
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DOI：10.1016/j.gce.2026.05.005.png)
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Abstract
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• Carbonate vacancies via 430°C pretreatment strengthen K/K2CO3 MSI and superbasicity. • 5%K/K2CO3-430°C delivers 49.8% conversion and 80.9% TP1 selectivity at 190°C. • Defects promote electron transfer for radical-anion mechanism favoring linear TP1. • DFT reveals K atoms semi-encapsulated in tri-oxygen vacancies, markedly enhancing electron-donating ability. • Defect engineering provides metal-efficient, green route for olefin oligomerization.
Keywords:
solid superbase
carbonate vacancies
metal-support interaction
isobutene dimerization
green catalysis
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