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Challenges in using Rock Eval to analyze organic matter: A review and insights from pyrolysis development
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DOI：10.1016/j.jaap.2026.108025.png)
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Abstract
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• This work demonstrates that Rock-Eval Tmax values can be systematically biased by organic and mineral matrix effects, sulfur-rich or hydrogen-rich kerogen types, alpha irradiation, and weathering, which can compromise maturity assessments in unconventional systems. • Conventional Rock-Eval pyrolysis inadequately characterizes overmature organic matter because thermally evolved products fall outside standard temperature windows, leading to underestimated TOC and unreliable maturity indices. • An extended pyrolysis protocol reaching 850 °C is able to yield a complete S2 pyrogram featuring a bimodal residual kerogen–pyrobitumen signal, enabling robust Tmax for highly matured source rocks.
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