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Characterization of a carbaryl-degrading strain Serratia marcescens A4 and its application in trickle bed reactor
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DOI：10.1186/s13568-026-02102-9.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The presence of carbaryl in the environment and agricultural products poses uncertain risks to both ecosystems and human health. In the present study, a carbaryl-degrading Serratia marcescens strain A4 was isolated from orchard soil, demonstrating a degradation rate of 83.16% (50 mg L− 1) after 108 h of incubation. Results from batch degradation experiments indicated that the carbaryl degradation rate was positively correlated with microbial biomass, and the strain exhibited a degree of resistance to environmental disturbances. Additionally, it displayed versatility in degrading various insecticides, including pyrethroids, carbamates, and organophosphate pesticides, showing potential for real-world applications. High-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses revealed that the organism degrades carbaryl by hydrolyzing it to 1-naphthol, which is further metabolized. To treat carbaryl-contaminated water, a trickle bed reactor was constructed by immobilizing strain A4 in calcium alginate. Under non‑sterile sequencing batch operation, carbaryl removal peaked at 43.25%, and a removal rate above 20% was sustained for six consecutive batches. Adsorption by the carrier contributed significantly to pesticide removal, accounting for 74.76% of the experimental group’s total removal. Although further work is required to improve reactor performance, this study highlights the potential of S. marcescens A4 and demonstrates the feasibility of bacterial treatment for pesticide-contaminated environments.
Keywords:
Micropollutants
Pesticides
Biodegradation
Degradation characteristics
Trickle bed reactor
Bacterial bioremediation.
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