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Chemically Self-Powered Pre-Activation Strategy for Catalytic Purification of Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Runaway Off-Gas
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DOI：10.1002/bte2.70121.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
During lithium-ion battery thermal runaway, oxygen-depleted, highly concentrated flammable fumes are released, posing a significant challenge to safety control. Catalytic oxidation requires both sufficient O2 and elevated temperatures for activation. However, thermal runaway off-gas is inherently oxygen-free, creating a fundamental paradox: direct air supply cools the gas below activation threshold, while pre-heating demands external energy input. To address this issue, this study proposes a chemically self-powered pre-activation strategy based on both O2 and heat supply. By placing superoxides upstream of the catalyst and utilising their exothermic reaction with CO2 in the fumes, the necessary O2 and reaction heat were released during the initial stage of catalytic oxidation. Simultaneously, a blower is introduced to provide a continuous O2 supply for subsequent sustained oxidation. This strategy achieves purification efficiencies exceeding 87% for both H2 and CO throughout the thermal runaway event with zero open flame occurrence and outlet temperatures below 100°C, ensuring safe discharge. This study provides a viable technical pathway for the post-treatment of battery thermal runaway emissions, eliminating dependency on external heating or compressed oxygen supplies.
Keywords:
catalytic oxidation
gas purification
lithium-ion battery thermal runaway
oxygen
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