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Choline insufficiency in mothers during gestation abolishes the metabolically restrained hepatic phenotype induced by gestational protein restriction and promotes hepatic steatosis in offspring
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DOI：10.1016/j.jnutbio.2026.110467.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
• Gestational protein restriction produced a restrained hepatic phenotype in offspring. • Added choline insufficiency abolishes the restraint, causing steatosis and fibrosis. • Adding choline restriction up-regulates lipid-storage and inflammatory genes. • Protein restriction lowers hepatic XOR and Xdh; added choline restores both. • Maternal gestational choline status programs offspring susceptibility to MASLD.
Keywords:
choline insufficiency
MASLD
prenatal low-protein diet
oxidative stress
AUC
,
area under the curve
AZAN
,
azocarmine, aniline blue and orange G
CI
,
confidence interval
ER
,
endoplasmic reticulum
FFA
,
free fatty acid
HDL
,
high-density lipoprotein
ICR
,
Institute of Cancer Research
MASLD
,
metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease
MASH
,
metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
OGTT
,
oral glucose tolerance test
ROS
,
reactive oxygen species
SEM
,
standard error of the mean
VLDL
,
very low-density lipoprotein
XOR
,
xanthine oxidoreductase
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