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Clean Recovery of All Components of CIGS Thin-Film Solar Cells: Research on Ambient Temperature Oxidation Coupling Multimetal Cascade Extraction Process
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DOI：10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c10776.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
As the copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cell industry expands, the recycling of its waste materials has become an essential requirement for achieving a circular economy. This study proposes an integrated clean process for recovering valuable metals from CIGS solar panels. The thermal alkali method (6% NaOH, 80 °C) can efficiently remove the PET coating (>98%) without damaging the underlying material. An innovative room-temperature, nonstirring HCl/H2O2 leaching process (7 M HCl, 5% v/v H2O2, 20 °C) synergistically extracts Cu, In, Ga, Se, Fe, Mo, and Ti through room-temperature oxidation and Ti passivation, with recovery efficiency exceeding 92.99% for each metal. A multistage solvent extraction system separates the leaching solution: TBP removes Fe/Mo (>99%) while minimizing coextraction of Ga/In; targeted TBP extraction enriches In (98.3%); D2EHPA extracts Ga (95.8%); LIX984 captures Cu at low pH (>99.9%). Se is recovered via a green ascorbic acid reduction method (99.5%). By combining the “stripping-leaching-extraction-reduction” process, the overall metal recovery efficiency exceeds 97%. After flocculation of the wastewater, the concentrations of all ions are below 5 ppm, meeting the requirements of the EU WEEE Directive and China’s circular economy standards. This closed-loop process provides key technology for establishing a sustainable “production-retirement-regeneration” chain in the photovoltaic industry.
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