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Clonorchis sinensis and cholangiocarcinoma: molecular mechanisms and biomarker advances
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DOI：10.1051/parasite/2026011.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Clonorchis sinensis, a common food-borne liver fluke in East Asia, is a Group 1 carcinogen strongly linked to cholangiocarcinoma. In recent years, molecular biology and multi-omics studies have revealed that this parasite drives chronic inflammation of the bile duct epithelium, epigenetic abnormalities, and the formation of precancerous lesions. Concurrently, circulating miRNAs, DNA methylation patterns, differential protein expression, metabolite profiles, and parasite-specific antigens have been proposed as potential early molecular biomarkers, which offers new avenues for the non-invasive detection of precancerous conditions. However, current research mainly remains at the laboratory stage and studies have small-scale cohorts, lacking multi-center, large-sample prospective validation and standardized detection protocols, which limits their clinical applicability. Furthermore, traditional imaging and histological methods exhibit limited sensitivity for early identification. This review aims to systematically summarize the molecular carcinogenic mechanisms associated with C. sinensis infection, recent advances in molecular biomarker research, and strategies for identifying precancerous lesions. It will particularly focus on discussing the major obstacles in clinical translation and future directions, with the goal of providing insights for early screening and prevention strategies. Clonorchis sinensis, une douve du foie fr & eacute;quemment transmise par voie alimentaire en Asie de l'Est, est un canc & eacute;rog & egrave;ne du groupe 1 fortement associ & eacute; au cholangiocarcinome. Ces derni & egrave;res ann & eacute;es, des & eacute;tudes de biologie mol & eacute;culaire et multi-omiques ont r & eacute;v & eacute;l & eacute; que ce parasite induit une inflammation chronique de l'& eacute;pith & eacute;lium des voies biliaires, des anomalies & eacute;pig & eacute;n & eacute;tiques et la formation de l & eacute;sions pr & eacute;canc & eacute;reuses. Parall & egrave;lement, les microARN circulants, les profils de m & eacute;thylation de l'ADN, l'expression diff & eacute;rentielle des prot & eacute;ines, les profils m & eacute;taboliques et les antig & egrave;nes sp & eacute;cifiques du parasite ont & eacute;t & eacute; propos & eacute;s comme biomarqueurs mol & eacute;culaires pr & eacute;coces potentiels, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles perspectives pour la d & eacute;tection non invasive des & eacute;tats pr & eacute;canc & eacute;reux. Cependant, les recherches actuelles restent principalement au stade du laboratoire et portent sur de petites cohortes, sans validation prospective multicentrique & agrave; grande & eacute;chelle ni protocoles de d & eacute;tection standardis & eacute;s, ce qui limite leur applicabilit & eacute; clinique. De plus, les m & eacute;thodes d'imagerie et histologiques traditionnelles pr & eacute;sentent une sensibilit & eacute; limit & eacute;e pour le diagnostic pr & eacute;coce. Cette revue vise & agrave; synth & eacute;tiser de mani & egrave;re syst & eacute;matique les m & eacute;canismes mol & eacute;culaires de la carcinogen & egrave;se associ & eacute;s & agrave; l'infection par C. sinensis, les avanc & eacute;es r & eacute;centes en mati & egrave;re de recherche sur les biomarqueurs mol & eacute;culaires et les strat & eacute;gies d'identification des l & eacute;sions pr & eacute;canc & eacute;reuses. Elle s'attache plus particuli & egrave;rement & agrave; examiner les principaux obstacles & agrave; la transposition clinique et les perspectives d'avenir, afin d'& eacute;clairer les strat & eacute;gies de d & eacute;pistage pr & eacute;coce et de pr & eacute;vention.
Keywords:
Clonorchis sinensis
Molecular Biomarkers
Cholangiocarcinoma
Carcinogenic Mechanisms
Preneoplastic Lesions
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2.5K
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