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Codeword-Segmentation Rate-Splitting Multiple Access and Evaluation Under Suboptimal Decoding
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DOI：10.1109/tcomm.2026.3717003.png)
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Abstract
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Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) has been recognized as a promising multiple access technique. We propose a novel architecture for downlink RSMA, namely Codeword-Segmentation RSMA (CS-RSMA). Unlike conventional RSMA, which splits users’ messages into common and private parts before encoding, CS-RSMA encodes the users’ messages directly, segments the codewords into common and private parts, and transmits the codeword segments over common and private streams. In addition to the principle of CS-RSMA, a novel performance analysis framework is proposed. This framework leverages a recent discovery in mismatched decoding under finite-alphabet input and interference and can more accurately capture the receiver’s complexity limits. Precoder optimization under finite alphabets and suboptimal decoders for conventional RSMA and CS-RSMA to maximize the Sum-Rate (SR) and the Max-Min Fairness (MMF) is also addressed. The numerical results reveal the theoretical performance of conventional RSMA and CS-RSMA. We observe that CS-RSMA yields better performance than conventional RSMA in SR and similar performance in MMF. Furthermore, a physical-layer implementation of CS-RSMA is proposed and evaluated through link-level simulations. Aside from performance benefits, we demonstrate that CS-RSMA brings significant benefits to the encoding/decoding, control signaling, and retransmission process compared to conventional RSMA.
Keywords:
Rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA)
multi-antenna broadcast channel
finite-alphabet signalling
mismatched decoding
bit-interleaved coded modulation
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