COMET: Co-Optimization of CNN Models Using Efficient-Hardware OBC Techniques

2026-04-17

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Boyang Chen

Mohd. Tasleem Khan

George Goussetis

Mathini Sellathurai

Yuan Ding

João F. C. Mota

Jongeun Lee

DOI：10.1109/tcsi.2026.3682627

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Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) achieve remarkable accuracy in vision tasks, yet their computational complexity challenges low-power edge deployment. In this work, we present COMET, a framework of CNN models that employ efficient hardware offset-binary coding (OBC) techniques to enable co-optimization of performance and resource utilization. The approach formulates CNN inference using OBC representations applied separately to inputs (Scheme A) and weights (Scheme B), enabling exploitation of bit-width asymmetry. The shift–accumulate operation is modified by incorporating offset-term with the pre-scaled bias. Leveraging symmetries in Schemes A and B, we introduce four look-up table (LUT) techniques—parallel, shared, split, and hybrid—and evaluate their efficiency. Building on this foundation, we develop a general matrix multiplication core using the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">im2col</i> transformation for efficient CNN acceleration. We consider LeNet-5 and All-CNN-C to demonstrate that the OBC-GEMM core efficiently supports modern workloads. Evaluation shows that COMET enables efficient FPGA deployment compared to state-of-the-art designs, with negligible accuracy loss, demonstrating its efficiency and scalability across diverse network architectures.

Keywords:

Convolutional neural network (CNN)

field-programmable gate array (FPGA)

general matrix-multiply (GEMM)

look-up table (LUT)

offset-binary coding (OBC)

COMET: Co-Optimization of CNN Models Using Efficient-Hardware OBC Techniques

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