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Common Mode Suppression in Tunneling Magnetoresistive DC Residual Current Sensor With Conductor Geometry Optimization
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DOI：10.1109/jsen.2026.3705526.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
With the rapid deployment of low-voltage direct current (LVDC) systems, DC residual currents have become an increasingly critical issue in distributed power networks, electric vehicle charging infrastructure, and industrial power systems, which cannot be reliably detected by conventional residual current sensors. Tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) sensors are well-suited for weak current detection due to high sensitivity and low power consumption. However, the presence of interfering magnetic fields makes it difficult for TMR sensors to detect weak residual currents under large common mode currents. In this work, we propose a geometrically optimized conductor to suppress common mode interference. Finite element simulations reveal that the optimized conductor reduces common mode magnetic fields by 80% compared to conventional long straight conductors. A prototype DC residual current sensor is fabricated, integrating the optimized conductor and a low-noise signal processing circuit. Experimental results show a measurement error below 0.7%, a resolution of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$48.5~\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>A, the noise of the sensor is 330 nV/<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\surd $ </tex-math></inline-formula>Hz, and the detection limit for residual current is 1 mA under a DC common mode current of 35 A. The DC residual current sensor demonstrates the potential for applications in distributed power grids, electric vehicles, and industrial power systems.
Keywords:
Common mode current suppression
DC residual current measurement
finite element simulation
low-voltage direct current (LVDC)
tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) sensor
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