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Comparative analysis on spectral characteristics of PRISMA and EnMAP hyperspectral missions
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DOI：10.3389/frsen.2026.1856867.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Given the similarities in their instrumental characteristics; a comparative analysis was conducted between hyperspectral missions of PRISMA; operated by the Italian Space Agency (ASI); and EnMAP; developed by the German Aerospace Center (DLR). This work investigates both the similarities and discrepancies between these two satellite optical data; providing an outline of the spectral regions where data from both sensors can be reliably interchanged. The analysis was performed by analyzing the full visible and near-infrared (VNIR) spectrum and by examining selected spectral ranges sensitive to key environmental parameters; such as nitrogen dioxide; chlorophyll and NDVI. A total of 11 PRISMA and EnMAP co-located hyperspectral image pairs acquired across different seasons over the Euro-Mediterranean region were analyzed; focusing on representative land cover classes (bare soil; vegetation; urban areas and waters). Preprocessing steps were applied to standardize the acquisition viewing geometries; and the top of atmosphere (TOA) level of products from the two sensors were used to avoid inconsistencies introduced by atmospheric correction schemes adopted by each operating agency. Overall; the quantitative and qualitative assessments confirm a strong correspondence between the PRISMA and EnMAP hyperspectral measurements across the VNIR spectrum; with SAM always below 0.1 rad. However; the statistical analysis reveals relatively low consistency between the two sensors for the vegetation sensitive spectral window (750–940 nm); where larger deviations are observed with STD of 0.067 and SAM of 0.097; while the NO2 spectral range (420–500 nm) shows lower SAM of 0.048 and STD of 0.045.
Keywords:
remote sensing
PRISMA
hyperspectral imagery
EnMAP
spectral comparison
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