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Competitive Dopamine Oxidation–Deamination Enables Selective Fluorescent Detection of Nitrite Using MIL-101(Fe) nanozymes

delete2026-07-18
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PRE
AI
R
Ramadan Ali *
A
Abdullah S. Albalawi
F
Farah M. Alatawi
R
Rawan A. Alanazi
A
Ashjan M. Alruwaili
B
Besan B. Albalawi
B
Bayan B. Albalawi
M
Maram M. Alkorbi
T
Turki A. Aljuaid
Y
Yazan T. Almojmami
R
Riyadh S. Alotibi
M
Mohamed M. El‐Wekil
DOI:10.1007/s10876-026-03074-3delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Reliable nitrite (NO₂⁻) detection is critical due to its toxicity, carcinogenic potential, and environmental relevance. In this study, MIL-101(Fe) nanozymes with dual oxidase-like and peroxidase-like activities were synthesized to develop a fluorescence-based NO₂⁻ sensing platform via DA-mediated oxidation. Mechanistic studies reveal that superoxide radicals (•O₂⁻) generated via the oxidase-like pathway are the primary reactive species (~ 80% contribution), while H₂O₂ plays an essential supporting role in regenerating Fe³⁺ active sites. Under catalytic conditions, DA reacts with 5, 7-dihydroxy-4-methyl-2 h-benzopyrane-2-one (DHMBP) to form a green-fluorescent azocine product (λₑₘ = 498 nm) with a high quantum yield (Φ = 78.5%) and fluorescence lifetime (τ₀ = 4.68 ns). In the presence of NO₂⁻, DA is diverted toward a deamination pathway, forming non-fluorescent 4-ethylcatechol (confirmed by HRMS) and inhibiting fluorescence. This competitive mechanism enables sensitive, selective NO₂⁻ quantification over a linear range of 0.1–320 µM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.033 µM (S/N = 3) and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.11 µM. The platform demonstrated excellent recoveries (96.0–105.0%) in real-world samples, including environmental water and food, with relative standard deviations (RSD < 4.5%) and strong correlation with ion chromatography (t-test, p > 0.05). The MIL-101(Fe) nanozyme exhibited remarkable reusability (> 91% activity after 5 cycles) and storage stability (> 95% activity for 10 days at 4 °C). This work presents a reliable, interference-resistant, and reusable approach for NO₂⁻ monitoring across diverse matrices, with potential for field-deployable applications.
Keywords:
Nitrite
MIL-101(Fe) nanozyme
Fluorescence analysis
Food analysis
Ion chromatography

Journal

Journal of Cluster Science cover
Journal of Cluster Science
IF:
3.6
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364
Citations:
5.1K

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F
faculty of pharmacy
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Papers: 1.5K
Citations: 2
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