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ConDNS: A novel conditional diffusion-based negative sampling method for knowledge graph embedding
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DOI：10.1016/j.neucom.2025.131751.png)
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Abstract
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Knowledge Graph Embedding (KGE) maps entities and relations into continuous vector spaces to facilitate link prediction tasks. Given the inherent inability of knowledge graphs to directly supply high-quality negative samples with multi-level difficulty, existing methods typically rely on post-sampling assessment strategies, which lack controllable generation of difficulty-calibrated negatives tailored to diverse KGE training requirements. To address these challenges, we propose ConDNS, a novel conditional diffusion-based negative sampling method for knowledge graph embedding. By adjusting the diffusion timestep, our model achieves dynamic difficulty modulation of synthetic negatives through global entity-relation information utilization. This enables generation of semantically valid samples that synergistically integrate with conventional samples, thereby overcoming single-strategy sampling bottlenecks and establishing a multiscale difficulty configuration. Experiments demonstrate that ConDNS achieves state-of-the-art performance across multiple benchmarks with minimal synthetic samples while functioning as a plug-and-play module compatible with mainstream KGE architectures. Source code is available at: https://github.com/zrj-wang/ConDNS .
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