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Conducting Polymer Composite-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Volatile Organic Compounds Sensing
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DOI：10.1021/acsapm.6c01381.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a promising class of energy harvesters capable of converting low-frequency mechanical stimuli into usable electrical energy. Efficient charge generation and retention at the triboelectric interface are pivotal to achieving high-performance output. Herein, the polymer composite-based triboelectric nanogenerators (PC-TENGs) are designed using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a base matrix blended with conducting polymers, such as polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), and a hybrid PANI/PPy system. Various analytical characterizations were performed to confirm the successful formation and structural integrity of the composite blends. Electrical performance testing showed optimal output at 0.025 g filler concentration, with PPy-TENG achieving the highest peak-to-peak voltage of 248 V and current of 10.72 μA, attributed to synergistic effects of dielectric trapping and electron delocalization. Further optimization studies under varying frequencies, mechanical forces, and load resistances demonstrated stable operation and peak power output of 5.27 mW at 110 MΩ. The device exhibited long-term durability over 10,000 cycles and effective energy storage by charging capacitors up to 13.35 V. Beyond energy harvesting, the optimized TENGs were applied as a biomechanical sensor and self-powered sensors for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The triboelectric output increased significantly upon exposure to vapors like acetone and ammonia, with PPy and PANI layers showing selective and concentration-dependent voltage responses. This enhancement is driven by VOC-induced changes in surface charge dynamics, dielectric properties, and polymer interactions. The present study establishes the dual functionality of these composites in efficient mechanical energy harvesting and real-time chemical sensing applications.
Keywords:
triboelectric nanogenerators
conducting polymers
biomechanical energy harvesting
volatile organic compounds
self-powered sensors
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