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Consolidation of urban freight transportation and public transit systems: a generic strategic framework using
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DOI：10.1016/j.trc.2025.105490.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
This study proposes a consolidated transportation system (CTS) in which the public transit fleet is leveraged to transport packages in an urban area. Under the proposed CTS, the freight company pays a fee to use a transit fleet's unused capacity for its last-mile delivery operations. A decision making framework is developed to identify the set of transit lines and stations that optimize the CTS operation. This framework also identifies optimal service zones for the selected transit stations and the warehouses. The proposed decision-making framework is formulated as an optimization problem and solved using a Continuum Approximation (CA) technique and a customized Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS). The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by comparing its solutions with those obtained from CPLEX, demonstrating both accuracy and efficiency. The numerical results show some significant benefits for freight companies due to delivery cost reduction and revenue generation for transit agencies. Also, the effects of the different cost components on CTS's economic feasibility are shown and measured through sensitivity analyses. It is shown that mini-depot opening costs and transit shipment fees not only determine the overall savings for freight companies but also directly affect the revenue generated for transit agencies. Furthermore, the analyses highlight inherent trade-offs between the economic benefits of the CTS and potential reductions in the level of service experienced by transit passengers. Overall, this study demonstrates the promising benefits of integrating public transit and last-mile delivery to enable a more efficient transportation system.
Keywords:
Passenger-freight consolidation
Last-mile delivery
Public transit
Continuum Approximation
Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search
Integrated transportation system
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