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Contrasting responses of two sesame cultivars to fertilization in acidic soils are primarily associated with root traits rather than rhizosphere microbiota
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DOI：10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101415.png)
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Abstract
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Crop cultivars exhibit varying degrees of tolerance to nutrient deficiency and soil stress. The root-soil interface plays a critical role in nutrient uptake and stress resilience. However, the mechanisms by which root morphology and rhizosphere microbiota contribute to cultivar-specific differences in fertilizer responsiveness in acidic soils remain poorly understood. A field experiment was conducted in acidic soils receiving chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer, or humic acid, each with or without lime, using two sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars (JHM and GZ9). We examined sesame yield, nutrient uptake and root traits, as well as the chemical properties and bacterial community of rhizosphere and bulk soils. Compared with the non-fertilized treatment, fertilization increased grain weight by 32.4%–74.8% for GZ9 but only 3.0%–32.5% for JHM, indicating that JHM was a nutrient deficiency-tolerant genotype whereas GZ9 was fertilization-dependent. In the non-fertilized treatment without lime addition, root length, root surface area and root biomass of JHM were 1.64, 1.76 and 1.48 times those of GZ9, respectively. However, no significant differences between the two cultivars were observed in the chemical properties or bacterial community of rhizosphere soils. Although liming increased soil pH and shifted bacterial community, it did not improve sesame yield. Among the three fertilizer types, organic fertilizer exerted the most pronounced promoting effects on sesame yield, although none of the fertilizers changed the bacterial community. In conclusion, contrasting responses of two sesame cultivars to fertilization in acidic soils are primarily associated with root traits rather than rhizosphere microbiota.
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