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Convolutional causal learning for aerodynamic flows
DOI:10.1017/jfm.2026.11699.png)
Abstract
En 中文
This study aims to capture aerodynamic causality from snapshot data with a time-varying mode decomposition technique referred to as information-theoretic machine learning. The current approach extracts time-dependent informative vortical structures; contributing to the future evolution of the aerodynamic coefficients. The present decomposition is employed with a convolutional neural network; enabling the identification of the spatial continuous mode. In addition; a low-order representation; characterising the informative vortical structures and their corresponding aerodynamic coefficients; can also be identified by considering autoencoder-based data compression. The present technique is applied to a range of aerodynamic examples; including extreme vortex-gust aerofoil interactions; experimentally measured transverse jet-wing interaction; and a turbulent separated wake across different Reynolds numbers. For the cases of gust-wing interaction; the time-varying gust effect on the lift response is extracted in an interpretable manner. With the example of a turbulent wake; the relationship between large-scale vortical motion and lift force is identified without any spatial length-scale information. The proposed approach could serve as a foundation for data-driven causal modelling and control for a range of unsteady flows.
Keywords:
machine learning
low-dimensional models
vortex interactions
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