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Cryptotephra in the East Antarctic Mount Brown South ice core
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DOI：10.5194/cp-22-1057-2026.png)
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Abstract
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Abstract. Ice cores contain stratified layers of impurities scavenged from the atmosphere; which are a vital tool for investigating the Earth system. Reconstructing past eruption records by way of ice core tephrochronology can help us understand ash dispersal; atmospheric circulation processes; and the impacts of volcanic eruptions on climate. This study presents the coastal East Antarctic Mount Brown South (MBS; 69.11° S; 86.31° E; 2084 meter above sea level (m a.s.l.)) ice core as an untapped tephrochronological archive. We utilize a customized cryptotephra sampling plan; integrating ice core data; HYSPLIT air parcel trajectories; and known eruption records; and identify two distinct cryptotephra horizons at ∼13.3 and ∼17.9 m depth in the MBS-Alpha ice core. We also find sparse cryptotephra grains from various unidentified sources throughout the core. Through geochemical characterization with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA); we correlate the two cryptotephra horizons with the 1991 eruption of Cerro Hudson and the continuous eruptions of Mt. Erebus throughout the mid-1980s. The volcanic horizons identified here underscore the role of MBS in extending the regional volcanic record; helping to constrain ice core dating efforts; and enhancing understanding of volcanic ash dispersal to East Antarctica.
Keywords:
cryptotephra
ice core
Mount Brown South
volcanic eruptions
East Antarctica
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