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Decrease in circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells during short-term systemic normobaric hypoxia
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DOI：10.1111/eci.12416.png)
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Abstract
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BackgroundDuring exposure to high altitude, the immune system is altered. During hypoxia, an increase in interleukin (IL)-6 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and an increase in natural killer cells and decrease in T cells in blood was shown. However, the impact of hypoxia on dendritic cells has not been investigated yet. Material and methodsTwelve healthy volunteers were subjected to a transient normobaric hypoxia for 65 h simulating an oxygen concentration at 5500 m. During exposure to hypoxia, blood samples were collected and analysed by flow cytometrical cell sorting (FACS) for circulating myeloid (mDCs) and plasmacytoid (pDCs) DCs. Serum levels of IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)- were analysed. In a cell culture hypoxia chamber, blood samples were subjected to the same hypoxia and analysed regarding DCs. ResultsExposure to normobaric hypoxia induced a significant decrease in circulating pDCs about 45% (P = 0001) but not of mDC compared to baseline normoxia. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase of TNF- about 340% (P = 003) and of IL-6 about 286% (P = 0002). In cell culture experiments exposure of blood to hypoxia led to no significant changes in DCs, so that a direct cytotoxic effect was excluded. During hypoxia, we observed a transient increase in stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) which is important for pDC tissue recruitment. ConclusionsWe show a significant decrease in circulating pDCs during hypoxia in parallel to a pro-inflammatory response. Further studies are necessary to evaluate whether the decrease in circulating pDCs might be the result of an enhanced tissue recruitment.
Keywords:
Dendritic cells
immune system
normobaric hypoxia
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