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Development of a strip LGAD sensor with double-end readout for future colliders
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DOI：10.1007/s41365-026-02012-2.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
A low-gain avalanche diode (LGAD) is a new type of silicon detector with wide application prospects in particle physics experiments owing to its excellent timing resolution. LGAD sensors, with a pixel size of 1.3 mm × 1.3 mm, were used to construct a high-granularity timing detector (HGTD) in ATLAS experiments, to suppress the pileup caused by a large number of particles hitting the detector almost simultaneously, using timing information. Similarly, the CMS endcap timing layer (ETL) upgrade also plans to adopt LGAD sensors. However, pixel LGADs are characterized by higher readout electronics densities and costs, which limits their application. To decrease the readout electronics density, the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has designed strip LGADs with larger areas. The strip LGADs each measure 19 mm in length, with varying widths of 1.0, 0.5, and 0.3 mm. The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) also proposes detectors using strip LGADs. This article provides a detailed introduction to the design parameters of these strip LGADs and their electrical characteristics, including leakage current, breakdown voltage, and depletion capacitance. The timing resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of three-strip LGAD sensors were investigated using a beta source test system. For the first time, a picosecond (ps) laser test system was used to test and analyze the position resolution parallel to the strip direction. The results demonstrate that the timing resolution of strip LGADs is approximately 37.5 ps, and the position resolution parallel to the strip direction is better than 1 mm.
Keywords:
LGAD
Silicon detector
Strip detector
Timing resolution
Position resolution
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