Diagnostic Labelling, Antibiotic Appropriateness and Watch Use for Upper Respiratory Infections in Singapore Primary Care: A Multicentre Retrospective Study

Sky Wei Chee KOH

doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2026.05.011

Diagnostic Labelling, Antibiotic Appropriateness and Watch Use for Upper Respiratory Infections in Singapore Primary Care: A Multicentre Retrospective Study

2026-06-01

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OA

AI

S

Sky Wei Chee KOH *

S

Shipra LATHER

S

Si Hui LOW

J

Jun Cong GOH

P

Pey Gein WONG

C

Cynthia Kum Wai CHEONG

J

Justin Wee-Min CHONG

M

Meena SUNDRAM

L

Li Yang HSU

DOI：10.1016/j.jgar.2026.05.011

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Abstract

En 中文

• URI labelling was frequently inaccurate; 21% did not meet URI criteria. • 88.6% of antibiotic prescribing for URIs were non guideline-concordant. • Watch antibiotics were prescribed in 20.3% of URI. • Increasing number of symptoms reduced odds of antibiotic appropriateness. • Antibiotic allergy raised odds of Watch antibiotic prescribing by over 5 times.

Keywords:

Antimicrobial stewardship

Antibiotic appropriateness

AWaRe

Primary care

Upper respiratory infections

healthcare quality improvement

Diagnostic Labelling, Antibiotic Appropriateness and Watch Use for Upper Respiratory Infections in Singapore Primary Care: A Multicentre Retrospective Study

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