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Distributed Adaptive Unified Fault-Tolerant Control Scheme for Multiple VSGs in Islanded Microgrids
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DOI：10.1109/TSG.2026.3668491.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Sensor and actuator faults are an inherent challenge in islanded microgrids, often leading to performance degradation and threatening system stability in the absence of robust fault-tolerant mechanisms. This paper proposes a novel distributed adaptive unified fault-tolerant control (FTC) scheme to address these issues in multi-virtual synchronous generator (VSG) microgrids. The proposed methodology begins with a state estimation technique, employing two third-order observers and system transmission characteristics. This approach enables accurate estimation of key electrical quantities, such as active power, angular frequency, and output voltage, while effectively suppressing unknown disturbances. These estimations facilitate the construction of a linear state-space model, forming the foundation for fault-tolerant control. A key innovation of this work lies in the unified modeling of sensor and actuator faults. By analyzing the control dynamics and physical mechanisms of microgrids, the equivalence between sensor and actuator faults is established, leading to a comprehensive fault representation framework. Building upon this model, a distributed adaptive FTC strategy is developed to improve the performance of voltage, frequency and inertia support, as well as the power sharing accuracy, under unknown fault conditions. The scheme integrates information from both local and neighboring VSGs, enhancing fault resilience and system reliability. Extensive simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed FTC scheme, demonstrating its capability to maintain stable operation in islanded multi-VSG microgrids subject to sensor and actuator faults.
Keywords:
Islanded AC microgrids
virtual synchronous generator
distributed control
adaptive control
fault-tolerant control scheme
sensor and actuator faults
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