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DLL3 expression in neuroendocrine carcinomas: a comparative analysis across tumor origins
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DOI：10.3389/fendo.2026.1864568.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
BackgroundNeuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are rare and highly aggressive tumors; characterized by a dismal prognosis. Their underlying biology remains insufficiently understood; highlighting an urgent need for the identification of disease markers to enhance diagnostic and prognostic assessments; as well as to identify potential druggable targets. DLL3; an inhibitory regulator of the Notch signalling pathway; has emerged as a promising candidate in this context.MethodsWe investigated DLL3 prevalence and pattern of expression in immunohistochemistry in NECs from multiple anatomical sites; with a focus on lung and gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neoplasms.ResultsDLL3 was found to be highly expressed in 68.8% of NECs overall; with the highest prevalence observed in GEP-NECs (85.7%). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed predominantly cytoplasmic localization; with a dot-like staining pattern particularly evident in gastrointestinal cases; suggestive of potential localization in neurosecretory granules. DLL3 levels did not significantly correlate with tumor proliferation index nor with overall survival. A correlation with chromogranin A expression was found.ConclusionsGiven its high prevalence in extrapulmonary NECs; particularly those of GEP origin; it may have potential as a disease marker and therapeutic target in a clinical context where effective options are currently limited.
Keywords:
biomarkers
patients
immunohistochemical
DLL3
neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs)
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