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Does Self-Projection Have a Dominant Temporal Direction? In Nine Countries, People Feel More Similar to Their Future Than Past Selves

delete2026-07-17
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PRE
AI
J
Jareef Martuza
S
Simen Bø
H
Helge Thorbjørnsen
H
Hallgeir Sjåstad
DOI:10.1177/01461672261467790delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
<jats:p> Do you project your current self—the person you are today—equally across time? Compared to the present, 12 studies (total <jats:italic toggle="yes">N</jats:italic> = 11,416) reveal that people feel more similar to their future selves than their equidistant past selves. This future-oriented asymmetry in self-projection is directionally consistent across nine countries, with variation in effect size, and holds across different time horizons. Time-asymmetric self-projection covaries with higher levels of emotional connection between present and future selves and lower levels of perceived future self-change. We also provide preliminary causal-chain evidence for perceived self-change as a process by experimentally manipulating self-change beliefs. The future-oriented asymmetry appears to be self-focused, as it does not extend to others. Finally, future-oriented self-projection can lead to miscalibrated expectations: People expect their future selves to be more satisfied with hypothetical decisions made in the present than they currently would be with the same decisions in the past. </jats:p>

Journal

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin cover
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
IF:
2.9
Papers:
5.0K
Citations:
2.0W

Organization

N
Norwegian School of Economics
Scholars:
576
Papers: 741
Citations: 1.5K
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