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Dual-functional SnS2–CuS heterostructure for zinc anode protection and conversion-type anode toward advanced aqueous zinc-ion batteries
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DOI：10.1039/D6GC02132H.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) face critical challenges including poor cycling stability; zinc dendrite growth; and low zinc utilization. To address these issues; a multifunctional SnS2–CuS heterostructure is proposed; serving both as a zinc anode protective layer in conventional AZIBs and a metal-free anode in rocking-chair zinc-ion batteries (RCZIBs). In AZIBs; the SnS2–CuS heterostructure generates a synergistic effect between different phases. This effect improves interfacial charge transfer efficiency; guides the oriented deposition of Zn2+ along the (001) crystal plane of SnS2; and optimizes Zn2+ migration kinetics. When deployed as the anode for RCZIBs; the elaborate heterostructure construction efficiently alleviates the severe volume expansion of CuS during repeated charge–discharge cycling; while interfacial charge polarization derived from heterogeneous coupling further accelerates the electrochemical reaction kinetics. To clarify the electrochemical mechanism; in situ XRD; in situ EIS; DRT analysis; and ex situ XPS are used to track phase transitions and interfacial dynamic processes. Density functional theory calculations also theoretically verify that the SnS2–CuS heterostructure significantly enhances Zn2+ storage capability. Electrochemical tests show that the assembled RCZIB delivers a discharge specific capacity of 179.03 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1; retaining 114.51 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles. Moreover; it maintains 83.6% of its initial capacity after 1000 cycles at 1 A g−1; demonstrating outstanding cycling stability. This study achieves the compatible application of the SnS2–CuS heterostructure in both AZIBs and RCZIBs and highlights its considerable potential for next-generation high-performance energy storage systems.
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