Ecofriendly high-performance low-cost Cu2ZnSnSe4 solar cells: Experimental characterization and SCAPS-1D simulation

Boukhelkhal, Feriha Afrah

doi:10.1016/j.chemphys.2025.112952

Ecofriendly high-performance low-cost Cu2ZnSnSe4 solar cells: Experimental characterization and SCAPS-1D simulation

2025-09-01

0

PRE

AI

B

Boukhelkhal, Feriha Afrah

S

Selmane, Naceur

C

Cheknane, Ali *

N

Noureddine, Moustafa

Z

Zoukel, Abdelhalim

B

Baydogan, Nilgun

G

Gunalan, Busra

H

Hilal, Hikmat S. *

DOI：10.1016/j.chemphys.2025.112952

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Abstract

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Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) is a promising low-cost and ecofriendly p-type semiconductor for solar cells. However, CZTSe solar cells are have shortcomings, as they typically involve hazardous CdS-buffer layers. Costly dopant elements Ag and/or Ge are also normally used. This study aims at producing efficient, ecofriendly and low-cost solar cells. The Cd-, Ag- and Ge-free configuration metal/MoSe2/CZTSe/ZnSe/i-ZnO/ZnO-Al/metal is proposed. CZTSe film is prepared by the facile and low-cost sol-gel method, and characterized by elemental analysis, optical-absorption spectra, surface morphology, surface profiling and wettability. The cell is simulated by SCAPS1D. Optimal CZTSe-layer thickness is 2.5 mu m with optimized doping concentration 5 x 1016 cm- 3. With these parameters, the cell exhibits an open-circuit potential 0.56 V, a short-circuit potential 47.33 mA/cm2 and a fill factor 73.82 %. With a cell conversion efficiency 19.5 %, the proposed cell outperforms earlier CZTSe cells in terms of cost and environmental friendliness. This opens new research inroads toward improved CZTSe-based solar cells.

Keywords:

Sol-gel

CZTSe films

Absorber-layer thickness

Doping concentration

SCAPS-1D

Ecofriendly high-performance low-cost Cu2ZnSnSe4 solar cells: Experimental characterization and SCAPS-1D simulation

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