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Effect of ammonium sulfate-feeding strategy on the yield, physicochemical property, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities from sulfated polysaccharides of Antrodia cinnamomea
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DOI：10.1016/j.procbio.2026.03.011.png)
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Abstract
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Sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) are polysaccharides that contain sulfur functional groups, which exhibit various biological properties. Recent reports have displayed that the SPS from Antrodia cinnamomea exhibits significant anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects, attracting much attention from scientific communities. Therefore, the sulfate feeding strategy of ammonium sulfate as an additive to increase the yield of SPS and its bioactivities was evaluated. Results indicated that the highest concentration of 50 mM ammonium sulfate successfully increased the yield of SPS noted as N50. Approximately 80% of the N50 were very-high-molecular-weight fractions (>100 kDa) with a high sulfate content, primarily composed of glucose, galactose, fucose, and mannose, and were identified mainly as galactoglucans. Additionally, sulfate feeding strategy enhanced anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. N50 suppressed TNF-alpha by mildly inhibiting the phosphorylation of the P38, ERK, and AKT proteins. Moreover, N50 inhibited pAKT and TGFRR protein expressions, and induced apoptosis in H1975 cells. It showed a synergistic effect with gefitinib in cytotoxicity via multiple pathways in H1975 cells. Taken together, the ammonium sulfate-feeding strategy of A. cinnamomea produces SPS with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer potentials. Moreover, N50 promotes sensitivity to gefitinib in NSCLC cells, which might be a potential candidate for treating TKI resistance.
Keywords:
Antrodia cinnamomea
sulfated polysaccharide
supplement
anti-inflammation
TKI resistance
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