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Effect of red mud modification at 1623 K on leaching behaviour of elements in steel slag
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DOI：10.1007/s42243-026-01889-y.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
As metallurgical solid wastes, red mud and converter slag require substantial storage space and pose serious environmental risks. Owing to their abundant Fe and Al contents, red mud can serve as a modifier for converter slag. The phase evolution and degree of polymerisation of the slag before and after modification and leaching were characterised by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Increasing the red mud addition from 0 to 8 wt.% raised the P content of the P-rich phase from 3.62 to 4.58 wt.% and maximised the polymerisation degree of the slag. Post-modification, the P-rich phase transformed from Ca2P2O7 to a C2S–C3P (2CaO·SiO2–3CaO·P2O5) solid solution, with its domain size enlarged and sharp, well-defined phase boundaries formed. While the unleached slag remained chemically inert during leaching, leaching the modified slag selectively dissolved the C2S–C3P phase, achieving a P extraction efficiency of 66.13%. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed a pronounced decrease in the intensity of C2S–C3P diffraction peaks, whereas the Fe-bearing matrix phase showed negligible changes, confirming the selective leaching of P. The resulting low-P residue can be recycled back to the steel plant for hot-metal pretreatment or converter dephosphorisation processes, whereas the P-bearing precipitate is a potential feedstock for phosphate fertiliser production.
Keywords:
Red mud
Converter steel slag
Phosphorus enrichment
Selective leaching
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