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Effects of different intercropping patterns on tea rhizosphere environment and leaf quality
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DOI：10.3389/fpls.2026.1914455.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Intercropping can improve tea soils and leaf quality; but partner-specific responses remain unclear. We compared four systems—Paris polyphylla–tea (CT); leguminous green manure–tea (LF); Pleurotus ostreatus–tea (CJ); and Polygonatum kingianum–tea (HJ)—with matched monoculture controls. Tea and soil traits were integrated with high-throughput sequencing; LEfSe; PICRUSt2 functional prediction; and correlation analyses. LF significantly increased soil available and total phosphorus; enriched the potentially beneficial fungi Mortierella and Trichoderma in the tea rhizosphere; and enhanced the predicted potential for microbial amino acid transformation; potentially facilitating leaf free amino acid accumulation; which increased by 28%. CT enriched Penicillium and enhanced predicted microbial carbohydrate-conversion and redox potential; potentially promoting leaf flavonoid accumulation; which increased by 21%. CJ significantly increased soil available phosphorus and potassium; enriched Talaromyces and Exophiala; and enhanced predicted organic-substrate-transformation potential; potentially facilitating organic matter turnover and nutrient release. HJ increased soil pH by 24%; enriched Nitrosomonadaceae and Rhizobiaceae; and enhanced predicted amino acid-; carbohydrate-; and phenylpropanoid-related metabolic potential; indicating improved acid-soil conditions and distinct microbial functional responses. Overall; different partners improved different attributes. LF showed the most balanced contribution to soil phosphorus status and amino-acid-associated tea quality; whereas CT; CJ; and HJ offered targeted advantages in flavonoid enrichment; phosphorus and potassium availability; and acid-soil amelioration; respectively. These findings support selecting intercropping partners according to specific soil-management and tea-quality objectives.
Keywords:
high-throughput sequencing
soil physicochemical properties
tea quality
rhizosphere microbial community
tea plantation intercropping
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