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Efficient Spectral Efficiency Maximization in Uplink Cell-Free Massive MIMO-NOMA Systems: A Low-Complexity Approach
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DOI：10.1016/j.sigpro.2026.110677.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
In this paper, we investigate spectral efficiency (SE) maximization in uplink of cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output nonorthogonal multiple access (CF-mMIMO-NOMA) system with conjugate beamforming. The SE optimization problem is inherently nonconvex. Current approaches often depend on successive convex approximation (SCA), which reformulates the problem into an iterative geometric programming (GP) task. However, the computational complexity of these approaches increases significantly as the problem size grows. To address this issue, we introduce the accelerated proximal gradient (APG) method in this paper as a solution to the considered problems. In particular, each step of our proposed method is formulated concisely, utilizing only the first-order information of the objective function. This makes it significantly more memory-efficient compared to traditional approaches that require computing the Hessian matrix. Numerical findings indicate that our proposed approach delivers equivalent performance to the SCA method, yet boasts notably shorter runtime.
Keywords:
spectral efficiency
cell-free massive MIMO
NOMA
conjugate beamforming
accelerated proximal gradient
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