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Electronically Tunable Half-Mode Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Coupler

delete2026-01-01
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OA
AI
L
Laeeq Riaz
H
Haider Ali
B
Bilal Tariq Malik
A
Adnan Iftikhar
M
Muhammad Farhan Shafique
J
Jamal Nasir
S
Sławomir Kozieł
DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2026.3654176delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
This paper presents the design and implementation of a compact and highly efficient –10 dB directional coupler based on a half-mode substrate integrated waveguide cavity resonator configuration. The proposed structure is based on stub-loaded cavity resonators that are responsible for coupling the desired energy to the auxiliary port. A four-resonator arrangement is used to realize the desired coupling level of –10 dB while maintaining compact dimensions. Experimental validation demonstrates a reflection coefficient better than –15 dB, insertion loss below 1.56 dB, and isolation exceeding 15 dB across the operational bandwidth 4.341-5.26 GHz (<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {\approx 919}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> MHz bandwidth). Furthermore, a 90-degree phase difference between the through and coupled ports is maintained. The coupler also exhibits tunable coupling characteristics at the coupled port, with experimentally verified coupling levels ranging from 5 dB to 10 dB, highlighting its reconfigurability for adaptive microwave applications.
Keywords:
Coupler
SIW
HMSIW

Journal

IEEE Access cover
IEEE Access
IF:
3.6
Papers:
9.7W
Citations:
29.4W

Organization

G
Gdansk University of Technology
Scholars:
3.5K
Papers: 3.1K
Citations: 7.3K
C
comsats university islamabad
Scholars:
421
Papers: 233
Citations: 0