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Emerging MBenes for Energy Technologies
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DOI：10.1002/rar2.70346.png)
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Abstract
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The escalating global demand for sustainable energy is driving the search for transformative materials that transcend the limitations of conventional systems. Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal borides (MBenes) have recently emerged as a compelling class, distinguished by unique electronic structures, tunable surface chemistry, and efficient charge transport, thereby opening new opportunities for energy storage and conversion. Despite rapid progress, a comprehensive overview linking their structural characteristics, synthetic strategies, and energy-related performance remains limited, constraining systematic development. This review endeavors to fill that gap by summarizing recent advances in MBene synthesis, spanning both top–down exfoliation and bottom–up growth, and critically evaluating their application across diverse energy technologies, including lithium/sodium-ion batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries, zinc-based batteries, supercapacitors, and electrochemical conversions, such as hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide reductions. Key challenges, including scalable synthesis, controlled surface termination, and long-term electrochemical stability, are highlighted alongside emerging opportunities. By consolidating current achievements and spotlighting unmet needs, this review offers a timely roadmap for guiding rational material design, expediting experimental validation, and advancing the practical deployment of MBenes in next-generation energy technologies.
Keywords:
2D materials
energy storage and conversion
MBenes
synthesis
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