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Engineered porous materials for sequestration of bromine-based pollutants from aqueous solutions: mechanisms, selectivity, and reusability
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DOI：10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e02179.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Bromine-containing pollutants are of growing environmental concern because bromide (Br−) and bromate (BrO₃−) in source waters can form highly toxic brominated disinfection by-products during water treatment, while many brominated industrial compounds also persist as emerging contaminants. This review summarizes recent progress in removing inorganic bromine species and organic brominated pollutants from aqueous systems using conventional adsorbents and advanced porous materials. Beyond ion-exchange resins (IERs) and modified anion-exchange resins (AERs), advanced nanomaterials and engineered porous materials, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), have been widely explored for the selective elimination of specific contaminants. The advanced features of these porous materials demonstrate their superiority over traditional materials. A comprehensive overview of morphological features, structural challenges, and the elimination of bromine-based pollutants by modified AERs, MOFs, and COFs is presented. A key insight from the literature is that although many materials show promising laboratory performance, their practical application remains limited by competing ions, natural organic matter (NOM), reusability constraints, and insufficient data on long-term aqueous stability. In particular, the use of density functional theory (DFT) and machine learning (ML) for bromide-specific material design remains largely unexplored, representing a major knowledge gap and an important direction for future research. By linking adsorption behavior with atomic-level interactions and practical engineering challenges, this review provides a framework for selecting and designing more selective, stable, and reusable bromine-removal materials for water treatment.
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