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Engineered ZnO/SnO2 heterostructures for high-performance n-butanol gas sensor
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DOI：10.1016/j.colsurfa.2026.141475.png)
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Abstract
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Given the flammable, toxic, and environmentally hazardous characteristics of n-butanol, its real-time and efficient monitoring is of paramount importance in both industrial settings and daily life. In this study, the hybrids of SnO2 and ZnO/SnO2 were successfully prepared using a concise loofah bio-template method followed by heat treatment. The experimental findings reveal that introducing ZnO significantly boosts the n-butanol sensing capabilities of SnO2. Upon incorporation of ZnO, the specific surface area is enhanced, accompanied by an increased amount of adsorbed oxygen, both of which are favorable for improving gas-sensing characteristics. When the temperature is set to the optimal 180 °C, the ZnO/SnO2 composite sensor exhibits a response of 42 toward 50 ppm n-butanol, representing a 3.6 -fold enhancement compared to pure SnO2. Moreover, the ZnO/SnO2 sensor demonstrates a feature that it features a shortened response time along with an ultra-low limit of detection. Even at a concentration as low as 100 ppb, the response value remains 1.38. These outstanding features highlight the potential of ZnO/SnO2 as an excellent material which constructs high-response n-butanol gas sensors. Furthermore, the underlying gas-sensing principle responsible for the improved detection performance is also discussed.
Keywords:
Heterostructure
ZnO/SnO2
Gas sensing
N-butanol
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