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Engineering Mice to Study Human Immunity
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DOI：10.1146/annurev-immunol-082523-124415.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Humanized mice, which carry a human hematopoietic and immune system, have greatly advanced our understanding of human immune responses and immunological diseases. These mice are created via the transplantation of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells into immunocompromised murine hosts further engineered to support human hematopoiesis and immune cell growth. This article explores genetic modifications in mice that enhance xeno-tolerance, promote human hematopoiesis and immunity, and enable xenotransplantation of human tissues with resident immune cells. We also discuss genetic editing of the human immune system, provide examples of how humanized mice with humanized organs model diseases for mechanistic studies, and highlight the roles of these models in advancing knowledge of organ biology, immune responses to pathogens, and preclinical drugs tested for cancer treatment. The integration of multi-omics and stateof-the art approaches with humanized mouse models is crucial for bridging existing human data with causality and promises to significantly advance mechanistic studies.
Keywords:
humanized mice
human immunity
immunological diseases
human organ
modeling
xenotransplantation
human hematopoietic stem and progenitor
cells
cancer
infectious diseases
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