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Engineering tissue patterning in human stem cell-based embryo models
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DOI：10.1016/j.addr.2025.115765.png)
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Abstract
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• Human stem-cell-based embryo models (SCBEMs) of the blastocyst, through to early organogenesis, have revealed previously inaccessible developmental mechanisms. • Engineering approaches represent a new frontier, supporting patterned spatial fields at native physiological scales. • Micropatterning technologies can define starting conditions for morpho-and-histogenetic fields; biomaterials provide architectural and mechanical programming; microwells control aggregate geometry at scale; microfluidics enables orthogonal morphogen control; dynamic systems overcome diffusion limits. • Standardised engineering-anchored taxonomy enables direct comparison of technological platforms and biological outcome. • Metabolic constraints remain a critical bottleneck in SCBEM development; engineered vascular-like perfusion systems offer promising solutions for more complex, physiologically relevant models. • “Moral status by design” framework establishes technical boundaries for responsible SCBEM engineering.
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