arrow
Return

Enhanced forecasting model for pandemic: hyperparameter optimisation using Q-learning integration

delete2025-12-01
delete0
PRE
AI
H
Hamidreza Rasouli Panah
A
Abtin Ijadi Maghsoodi
S
Samaneh Madanian *
J
Jian Yu
DOI:10.1007/s10742-025-00367-4delete
deleteOriginal
deleteOriginal request for help
deleteShare
deleteSave
Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
The effective management of pandemics relies heavily on timely and accurate forecasts to support policymaking and public health decision-making. However, traditional forecasting models ARIMA, SARIMA and ETS often lack the adaptability needed to handle the rapidly evolving and unpredictable dynamics typical of pandemics. This paper introduces an enhancement to the Prophet Forecasting Model by integrating Q-Learning, a Reinforcement Learning algorithm, which treats hyperparameter tuning as a sequential decision-making process. This adaptive framework continuously adjusts parameters such as changepoint flexibility and seasonality components based on forecast accuracy, significantly improving the model's responsiveness to nonlinear trends, seasonal patterns, and sudden shifts commonly observed in pandemic data. Applied to New Zealand COVID-19 data, the Q-Learning-enhanced Prophet model outperformed ARIMA, SARIMA, ETS, and standard Prophet. At the 7-day horizon, Absolute Error fell from 564.53 to 433.80 and Symmetric Percentage Error from 6.68 to 4.71%, with similar gains across 14- and 30-day forecasts. By providing policymakers and healthcare officials with forecasts that reduced error rates by up to 23% at the 7-day horizon and also longer horizons, this approach can enhance evidence-based policy decisions, resource allocation, and overall pandemic preparedness, with potential applications extending broadly across healthcare operations and dynamic forecasting challenges.
Keywords:
Forecasting
Prophet
Q-learning
Reinforcement learning
Public health
Time-series

Journal

H
Health Services and Outcomes Research Methodology
IF:
1.6
Papers:
31
Citations:
595

Organization

U
university of waikato
Scholars:
567
Papers: 343
Citations: 0
A
Auckland University of Technology
Scholars:
4.0K
Papers: 4.4K
Citations: 4.7K
Cited Papers

Cited Papers

Challenges of COVID-19 Case Forecasting in the US, 2020–2021
err2024-05-06
err0
errOAAI
errVelma K. Lopez; Estee Y. Cramer; Robert Pagano; John M. Drake; Eamon B. O’Dea; Madeline Adee; Turgay Ayer; Jagpreet Chhatwal; Ozden O. Dalgic; Mary A. Ladd; Benjamin P. Linas; Peter P. Mueller; Jade Xiao; Johannes Bracher; Alvaro J. Castro Rivadeneira; Aaron Gerding; Tilmann Gneiting; Yuxin Huang; Dasuni Jayawardena; Abdul H. Kanji; Khoa Le; Anja Mühlemann; Jarad Niemi; Evan L. Ray; Ariane Stark; Yijin Wang; Nutcha Wattanachit; Martha W. Zorn; Sen Pei; Jeffrey Shaman; Teresa K. Yamana; Samuel R. Tarasewicz; Daniel J. Wilson; Sid Baccam; Heidi Gurung; Steve Stage; Brad Suchoski; Lei Gao; Zhiling Gu; Myungjin Kim; Xinyi Li; Guannan Wang; Lily Wang; Yueying Wang; Shan Yu; Lauren Gardner; Sonia Jindal; Maximilian Marshall; Kristen Nixon; Juan Dent; Alison L. Hill; Joshua Kaminsky; Elizabeth C. Lee; Joseph C. Lemaitre; Justin Lessler; Claire P. Smith; Shaun Truelove; Matt Kinsey; Luke C. Mullany; Kaitlin Rainwater-Lovett; Lauren Shin; Katharine Tallaksen; Shelby Wilson; Dean Karlen; Lauren Castro; Geoffrey Fairchild; Isaac Michaud; Dave Osthus; Jiang Bian; Wei Cao; Zhifeng Gao; Juan Lavista Ferres; Chaozhuo Li; Tie-Yan Liu; Xing Xie; Shun Zhang; Shun Zheng; Matteo Chinazzi; Jessica T. Davis; Kunpeng Mu; Ana Pastore y Piontti; Alessandro Vespignani; Xinyue Xiong; Robert Walraven; Jinghui Chen; Quanquan Gu; Lingxiao Wang; Pan Xu; Weitong Zhang; Difan Zou; Graham Casey Gibson; Daniel Sheldon; Ajitesh Srivastava; Aniruddha Adiga; Benjamin Hurt; Gursharn Kaur; Bryan Lewis; Madhav Marathe; Akhil Sai Peddireddy; Przemyslaw Porebski; Srinivasan Venkatramanan; Lijing Wang; Pragati V. Prasad; Jo W. Walker; Alexander E. Webber; Rachel B. Slayton; Matthew Biggerstaff; Nicholas G. Reich; Michael A. Johansson
errShare
errSave
A Study of Time Series Models ARIMA and ETS
err2017-01-01
err0
PREAI
errGarima Jain; Bhawna Mallick
errShare
errSave
errShare
errSave
Addressing delayed case reporting in infectious disease forecast modeling
err2022-06-03
err0
errOAAI
errLauren J. Beesley; Dave Osthus; Sara Y. Del Valle
errShare
errSave
A Novel Proof of Concept Forecasting Model for Pandemics – A Case Study in New Zealand
err2024-01-01
err0
PREAI
errRasouli Panah,Hamidreza; Ijadi Maghsoodi,Abtin; Madanian,Samaneh; Yu,Jian; Johnson,Kenneth
errShare
errSave
researcher View more